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Interest Rates in Canada: Bank of Canada Rate, Prime Rate & Exchange Rates

Updated

Understanding Interest Rates in Canada

Interest rates in Canada flow from a single source: the Bank of Canada (BoC) overnight rate. Every time the BoC changes its policy rate, the effects ripple through mortgages, savings accounts, lines of credit, and the Canadian dollar’s exchange rate.

This hub covers everything from the mechanics of how the BoC rate is set, to how rate changes affect your finances, to practical guides on inflation and currency conversion.


Bank of Canada Rate Guides

Rate Impact Guides

Inflation

Currency & Exchange Rates


How the Bank of Canada Rate Works

The BoC sets its overnight rate — the interest rate at which major Canadian banks lend money to each other for one-day periods — at eight scheduled meetings per year. This rate is the anchor for all other interest rates in Canada:

RateRelationship to BoC Rate
Prime rateBoC rate + 2.20% (by convention)
Variable mortgage ratePrime rate ± lender spread
HELOC ratePrime rate + 0.50% (typically)
HISA rateSet by banks; moves loosely with BoC rate
GIC ratesSet by competitive market; tracks BoC rate broadly
Fixed mortgage rateTracks Government of Canada bond yields, not BoC rate directly

When the BoC raises its rate, variable-rate borrowers pay more; savers earn more. When it cuts, the reverse happens.