Credit Rebuild Timelines
| Situation | Time on Report | Recovery to Good Credit |
|---|---|---|
| Late payment (30 days) | 6-7 years | 12-18 months |
| Collection account | 6-7 years | 18-24 months |
| Consumer proposal | 3 years after completion | 3-5 years |
| First bankruptcy | 6-7 years after discharge | 2-4 years |
| Second bankruptcy | 14 years | 5-7 years |
| Foreclosure | 6-7 years | 3-5 years |
| Charge-off | 6-7 years | 24-36 months |
*“Recovery to Good Credit” assumes active rebuilding with secured cards and responsible use.
How Long Negative Items Stay
By Province (Equifax)
| Item | BC, ON, QC | AB, SK, NS, etc. |
|---|---|---|
| Late payments | 6 years | 6 years |
| Collections | 6 years | 6 years |
| Bankruptcy | 6 years from discharge | 7 years from discharge |
| Consumer proposal | 3 years from completion | 3 years from completion |
| Judgments | 6 years | 6 years |
TransUnion vs Equifax
| Item | Equifax | TransUnion |
|---|---|---|
| Bankruptcy (first) | 6-7 years | 6-7 years |
| Consumer proposal | 3 years after | 3 years after |
| Collections | 6 years | 6 years |
Rebuilding After Bankruptcy
Timeline
| Phase | Time | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Discharge | Month 0 | Bankruptcy discharged |
| Rebuild start | Month 1-3 | Apply for secured card |
| Build history | Month 3-12 | Use card responsibly |
| Score improvement | Month 12-24 | 650+ score possible |
| Unsecured cards | Year 2-3 | Apply for basic unsecured |
| Good credit | Year 3-5 | 700+ score possible |
| Removed from report | Year 6-7 | Bankruptcy falls off |
After Bankruptcy Checklist
- Get your discharge papers — Needed for credit applications
- Check your credit report — Ensure discharged debts show $0 balance
- Apply for secured card — Start rebuilding immediately
- RRSP/TFSA loan — Some credit unions offer
- Become authorized user — Family member’s card (if willing)
Rebuilding After Consumer Proposal
Timeline
| Phase | Time | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Proposal filed | Month 0 | Begin payments |
| During proposal | Year 0-5 | Limited credit options |
| Proposal completed | Year 5 | Certificate of completion |
| Rebuild start | Year 5+ | Secured cards, credit builders |
| Score improvement | Year 6-7 | Noticeable improvement |
| Removed from report | Year 8 | Proposal falls off (3 years post-completion) |
Key Difference from Bankruptcy
Consumer proposal stays on report for 3 years after completion (vs. 6-7 years after bankruptcy discharge). But proposals take longer to complete (up to 5 years of payments).
Rebuilding After Missed Payments
Timeline by Severity
| Missed Payments | Initial Score Drop | Recovery Time |
|---|---|---|
| 1 × 30 days late | 50-100 points | 6-12 months |
| 2-3 × 30 days late | 75-125 points | 12-18 months |
| 60+ days late | 100-150 points | 18-24 months |
| 90+ days late | 125-175 points | 24-36 months |
| Sent to collections | 150-200 points | 36-48 months |
Recovery Steps
- Bring account current — Pay what you owe immediately
- Call creditor — Ask for goodwill removal (if first offense)
- Keep account open — Closing won’t remove negative mark
- Perfect payment going forward — Never miss again
Credit Score Recovery Trajectory
Typical Recovery After Major Negative Event
| Time | Score Range | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Month 0 (event) | 400-550 | Poor |
| Month 6 | 500-600 | Fair |
| Month 12 | 550-650 | Fair/Good |
| Month 24 | 600-700 | Good |
| Month 36 | 650-720 | Good |
| Month 48+ | 700-750+ | Very Good |
*Assumes active rebuilding with secured card, on-time payments, low utilization.
Fastest Credit Rebuilding Strategies
Strategy 1: Secured Credit Card
| Action | Impact |
|---|---|
| Open secured card | Establishes credit line |
| Use 10-30% of limit | Optimal utilization |
| Pay full balance monthly | Perfect payment history |
| Keep for 12+ months | Length of credit history |
Expected improvement: 50-100 points in 12 months.
Strategy 2: Credit Builder Loan
| Action | Impact |
|---|---|
| Payments reported monthly | Builds payment history |
| Forced savings | Money returned at end |
| Adds loan type | Diversifies credit mix |
Expected improvement: 30-50 points over loan term.
Strategy 3: Authorized User
| Action | Impact |
|---|---|
| Added to family member’s card | Inherits their payment history |
| No spending required | Just being on account helps |
| Quick improvement | Can boost score in 30 days |
Expected improvement: 30-80 points (varies widely).
Strategy 4: Rapid Rescore (Before Mortgage)
| Action | Impact |
|---|---|
| Pay down balances | Lower utilization |
| Correct errors | Remove wrong negatives |
| Ask for goodwill removal | Remove isolated late payments |
| Timing | Request update just before mortgage application |
Expected improvement: 20-50 points quickly.
What NOT to Do
| Mistake | Why It Hurts |
|---|---|
| Avoiding credit entirely | No new positive history |
| Opening many accounts at once | Hard inquiries + short history |
| Closing old accounts | Reduces credit history length |
| Using more than 30% of limits | High utilization hurts score |
| Paying only minimums | Slower debt reduction |
| Ignoring errors on report | Wrong negatives hurt you |
When Negative Items Fall Off
Countdown Example
| Item | Occurred | Falls Off | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late payment | Jan 2021 | Jan 2027 | 6 years |
| Collection | Mar 2022 | Mar 2028 | 6 years |
| Bankruptcy (discharged) | Jun 2020 | Jun 2026 | 6 years |
| Consumer proposal (completed) | Dec 2023 | Dec 2026 | 3 years |
Check your credit report to see exact dates.
Disputing Errors
If negative items are incorrect:
- Get credit report — Free from Equifax/TransUnion
- Identify errors — Wrong amounts, accounts not yours, etc.
- File dispute — Online or by mail with bureau
- Provide documentation — Proof of error
- Wait 30 days — Bureau must investigate
- Check result — Item removed or corrected
Monitoring Progress
| Service | Cost | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Credit Karma | Free | TransUnion score |
| Borrowell | Free | Equifax score |
| Mogo | Free | Equifax score |
| Banking apps | Free | Varies by bank |
Check your score monthly to track progress. Don’t obsess over small fluctuations.