RESP Types Comparison
| Type | Beneficiaries | Flexibility | Fees | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual RESP | One child | High | Low-Medium | Good |
| Family RESP | Multiple children | Highest | Low-Medium | Best for most |
| Group/Pooled RESP | Pooled with others | Very low | High | Avoid |
Best RESP Providers Overview
| Provider | Type | Fees | Investment Options | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wealthsimple Trade | Self-directed | $0 commissions | Stocks, ETFs | DIY investors |
| Questrade | Self-directed | Free ETF buys | Stocks, ETFs, options | DIY investors |
| Wealthsimple Invest | Robo-advisor | 0.4-0.5% | Managed portfolios | Hands-off |
| Questwealth | Robo-advisor | 0.20-0.25% | Managed portfolios | Hands-off |
| TD Direct | Self-directed | $9.99/trade | Full range | TD customers |
| RBC Direct | Self-directed | $9.99/trade | Full range | RBC customers |
| Justwealth | Robo-advisor | 0.50% | Managed portfolios | Target-date focus |
Best for Self-Directed Investors
Wealthsimple Trade RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Account fees | $0 |
| Trading commissions | $0 |
| Investment options | Canadian/US stocks, ETFs |
| Family RESP | Available |
| Grant processing | Yes, registers for CESG |
| Mobile app | Excellent |
Best for: Parents comfortable choosing their own ETFs.
Questrade RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Account fees | $0 |
| ETF purchases | Free |
| Stock trades | $4.95-9.95 |
| Investment options | Stocks, ETFs, bonds, GICs |
| Family RESP | Available |
| Grant processing | Yes |
Best for: Parents wanting more investment options.
Best for Hands-Off Investors
Wealthsimple Invest RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Management fee | 0.40-0.50% |
| Minimum | $0 |
| Investment approach | Diversified ETF portfolios |
| Family RESP | Available |
| Grant processing | Automatic |
| Glide path | Adjusts as child approaches 18 |
Best for: Parents who want professional portfolio management.
Questwealth RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Management fee | 0.20-0.25% |
| Minimum | $1,000 |
| Investment approach | Diversified portfolios |
| Target-date option | Available |
Best for: Lowest-cost robo-advisor RESP.
Justwealth RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Management fee | 0.50% |
| Special feature | Education Target Date Portfolios |
| Glide path | Automatically reduces risk |
| Minimum | $5,000 |
Best for: Target-date strategies for education.
Big Bank RESPs
TD Direct Investing RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Account fees | $0 (with conditions) |
| Trading | $9.99/trade |
| TD e-Series | Low-cost mutual funds available |
| Family RESP | Available |
| Grant processing | Automatic |
RBC Direct Investing RESP
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Account fees | $0 (with conditions) |
| Trading | $9.99/trade |
| Family RESP | Available |
| Grant processing | Automatic |
Best for: Parents already with TD/RBC who want simple integration.
Avoid: Group/Pooled RESPs
Why to Avoid
| Problem | Details |
|---|---|
| High fees | Enrollment fees, sales charges |
| Restricted use | Specific schools, programs only |
| Forfeit risk | Miss rules = lose earnings |
| Less flexible | Fixed contribution schedules |
| Complexity | Hard to understand contracts |
Group RESP Providers (Use Caution)
| Provider | Type | Issues |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge First Financial | Group | Restrictive |
| Heritage Education Funds | Group | Complex rules |
| CST Savings | Group | Enrollment fees |
Recommendation: Open individual or family RESP with a low-cost provider instead.
RESP Contribution and Grant Summary
| Factor | Amount |
|---|---|
| Lifetime contribution limit | $50,000 per beneficiary |
| Annual CESG grant | 20% on first $2,500 = $500 |
| CESG lifetime maximum | $7,200 |
| Canada Learning Bond | $500-2,000 (low-income families) |
| Additional CESG | Extra 10-20% for lower incomes |
Investment Strategy by Child’s Age
Newborn to Age 8
| Strategy | Details |
|---|---|
| Time horizon | 10-18 years |
| Risk tolerance | Higher |
| Allocation | 80-100% equity |
| Sample ETF | VEQT, XEQT |
Ages 9-13
| Strategy | Details |
|---|---|
| Time horizon | 5-10 years |
| Risk tolerance | Moderate |
| Allocation | 60-80% equity |
| Sample ETF | VGRO, XGRO |
Ages 14-17
| Strategy | Details |
|---|---|
| Time horizon | 1-5 years |
| Risk tolerance | Lower |
| Allocation | 40-60% equity |
| Sample ETF | VBAL, XBAL |
Age 17+ (Near Enrollment)
| Strategy | Details |
|---|---|
| Time horizon | 0-2 years |
| Risk tolerance | Very low |
| Allocation | 0-40% equity |
| Sample | GICs, HISA, VSB |
How to Switch RESP Providers
Transfer Process
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Open RESP at new provider |
| 2 | Request transfer (new provider initiates) |
| 3 | Complete transfer forms |
| 4 | Grants transfer with account |
| 5 | Timeline: 2-6 weeks |
Transfer Considerations
| Factor | Details |
|---|---|
| Transfer fees | Some providers charge $50-150 |
| New provider rebate | Some cover transfer fees |
| Grants | Transfer intact |
| Contribution room | Maintains history |
| Group RESP transfers | May have penalties |
Choosing Your RESP Provider
Decision Matrix
| If you want… | Choose |
|---|---|
| Lowest fees, DIY | Wealthsimple Trade or Questrade |
| Managed portfolio | Wealthsimple Invest or Questwealth |
| Target-date approach | Justwealth |
| Big bank integration | TD or RBC Direct |
| GIC-focused | Any, or bank RESP |